The Landlords Of The Ocean Essays - Ziphiids, Megafauna,

The Landlords Of The Ocean THE LANDLORDS OF THE OCEAN Have you ever thought about the landlords of the oceans? There is a saying: Big fish eats the smaller ones. The most powerful and deadly animals who taste the freedom of the sea world are whales. So many kinds of whales exist. One of the most interesting kinds is the bottle-nosed whale. It is no wonder why they are given this name. Their bulbous forehead and elongated snout give them a unique character. Besides these unique physical characteristics, they have other special qualities as well including their rarity and their enormous size. Northern species and southern species are the two types of bottle-nosed whales that are categorized by the difference in their size, living habitats and mating seasons. Starting from the physical appearance, the first distinction is the difference in size between northern bottle-nosed whale and southern bottle-nosed whale. The northern bottle-nosed whales have a longer body compared to the southern ones. Their bodies reach to a maximum length of 32ft and average 7.5 metric tons of weight. On the other hand, the southern species grow to a maximum of 25ft in length and average of 7 metric tons. The second obvious distinction is the difference in their color. Northern species are gray with a lighter underside and a pale band around the neck. The color of southern species varies more; they have blue-black, gray, brown or yellow bodies and light-colored snouts and undersides. However, they share a common treat, males have two conical teeth in the lower jaw and females have no teeth. In short, the size, color and the shape of bottle-nosed whales vary according to where they are found. The second quality is their living habitats. Both of the species usually inhabit cold waters deeper than 3000ft. They are most often observed in deep trenches or canyons in the sea floor. Northern bottle-nosed whales live in the North Atlantic. Significant populations are found in a vast undersea canyon near Sable Island, Nova Scotia, and north and west of Scotland near the Shetland Islands, the Orkney Islands, and the Outer Hebrides Islands. Southern bottle-nosed whales range throughout the Southern Hemisphere from Antarctica north to the equator. In winter, they are sighted occasionally off the coasts of the Hawaiian Islands and Japan, as well as in the Pacific and Indian oceans. The third quality is their mating. Both southern and northern species' mating takes place during the spring. After a gestational period of about 11 months, female bottle-nosed whales deliver a single baby and then nurse it for nearly a year. They give birth every two or three years. The final quality is their rarity. Some people, such as the natives of Denmark's Faroe Islands, have traditionally hunted the northern bottle-nosed whale for its meat and the medicinal properties of its blubber. Unfortunately, these whales were extensively hunted by commercial whalers through the early 1900's, with commercial hunting continuing until the species was granted protected status in 1977. Southern bottle-nosed whales, in contrast, have never been hunted on a major scale. Consequently, all the scientific classifications that are stated above about the bottle-nosed whales are for the human beings to know them better. We, human beings, are so overwhelmed by their beauty that we need to explore and explain their environment and put them under titles like Hyperoodon ampullatus (northern bottle-nosed whale) and Hyperoodon planifrons (southern bottle-nosed whales). Science can name them, but the goal of discovering the mystery behind the landlords of the ocean is unreachable. English Essays

Provide a critical analysis of the concept of Essays

Provide a critical analysis of the concept of Essays Provide a critical analysis of the concept of Essay Provide a critical analysis of the concept of Essay The construct of hybridity has been widely used with mention to the art of the last three decennaries of the 20th century. How successfully does it place features specific to art of that period? First of all, hybridity is an of import term which permeates about every facet of modern-day civilization, including high art and low art, pop civilization and elect civilization. It is the focal point of a broad assortment of cross-disciplinary idea processes affecting the province of and effects produced by planetary multiculturalism. In fact, â€Å"the current leitmotiv of multicultural discourse is hybridity. To talk today as a multiculturalist is to talk of civilization as open-ended, permeable, and continuously ( rhenium ) produced by cross-cultural brushs ; a border district topos where the lives of people from a multiplicity of backgrounds are invariably crossing and crisscrossing and thereby bring forthing a polyvalent gathering of new cultural meanings.’† ( Duarte, 1997 ) What Duarte refers to here is an even greater phenomology in the manner we construct, procedure, understand, and express significance: postmodernism. Postmodernism refers to the synthesis of many different cultural motions, a hybridity if you will, and medley, of many different cultural and artistic beginnings. Hybridity and postmodernism, as artistic and cultural constructs, are in direct resistance to the thoughts of purification and liberty associated with modernism. The postmodern creative person feels free to pull from many different schools of idea, influences, and techniques, rejecting – either consciously or unconsciously – the impression that art can be objectively and strictly, free of cultural or personal context. While there is much argument within the critical-cultural and assorted artistic communities as to the precise minute where modernism ended and postmodernism began, most bookmans agree that postmodernism’s roots were as a 20Thursdaycentury phenomenon, most specifically, artistically talking were localized in the last three decennaries of the 20Thursdaycentury. This belief, much like postmod ernism itself, is non an randomly or free-standing theory. It exists within the context of and in tandem with the globalisation of civilization and art. As communications engineering connected different civilizations and cross-pollinated them, film overing differentiations in favour of a medley of planetary cultural motions, so went artistic motions. A diverse array of civilizations and artistic motions were free to borrow specific patterns, techniques, and media from one another and blend them freely, emancipating creative persons from the quintessentially modernistic prison of lodging with arbitrary impressions of media- or movement-specific patterns. Scholarly geographic expeditions of postmodernism and cultural hybridity in late 20Thursday-century art are every bit legion as the medley elements of the motions themselves. Art historiographers and cultural bookmans Gil Perry and Paul Wood have compiled a reasonably impressive overview of the period, nevertheless, in theirSubjects in Contemporary Art. Postmodernism, as they explain, found some of its most affecting roots in the alleged ‘anti-form’ motion in the United States, which was the art world’s version of the greater American countercultural motion distributing across the state in the sixtiess, dramatically framed and inspired by the morass struggle in Vietnam. In trend during this epoch were the rejection of absolutist impressions of the domination of Western civilization and social constructions, every bit good as a rejection of the infallibility and built-in goodness of Western authoritiess ; as a direct effect, the music and art of the clip either rej ected the patriarchal and autocratic constructions in the originative communities. To the extent that signifier in art could be construed as a contemplation of these patriarchal and autocratic paradigms, creative persons chose to reject rigidness of signifier and boldly began to research new ways to animate and inform their work. As consciousness of other civilizations and motions grew exponentially thanks to communicating engineerings, emboldened creative persons liberally borrowed from any cultural beginning that inspired them, rejecting, for illustration, the impression that Western signifier was built-in superior to Asiatic or African signifier. An organic extension of the countercultural anti-form motions in art communities was the inspiration to reject the impression that an creative person would, as in the modernist existence, be inherently limited to the confines and usage of a individual medium. Technology once more was the accelerator here ; agencies of arising, entering, reproducing, and pass oning assorted art signifiers proliferated wildly and with them, a assortment of creative persons who combined more than one media within single plants of art. Art genres known as picture, public presentation, and installation art began to proliferate in the 1970s and became widely accepted into the alleged mainstream in the 1980s and 1990s. The music picture, pioneered in the late seventiess and early 1980s, is possibly the most popular illustration, a combination of the art signifiers of music and movie to either compliment one another’s significance or to make a new significance wholly. Previous to the music picture, mu sical creative persons such as England’s Pink Floyd recontextualized and augmented their studio musical recordings with amazing ocular presentations for audiences who came to see them on circuit. Other creative persons added even a 3rd dimension to this impression, uniting unrecorded and recorded music, live and recorded picture footage, and unrecorded public presentations in forepart of an audience, such as American experimental musician/performer Laurie Anderson’s seminal womens rightist plants of the 1980s and 1990s. Another womens rightist who transcended media boundaries was Ana Mendieta, a Cuban whoseSilueta( Silhouette ) series of graphics depicted her bare organic structure integrated either literally or symbolically into a assortment of natural scenes – runing from dirt and clay to corner short pantss and H2O. In making so, she non merely borrowed freely from a assortment of genre traditions, but cultural traditions runing from her ain Cuban roots to Af rican and South American earth-worshiping art signifiers. During the conservative cultural recoil spawned by Margaret Thatcher and Ronald Reagan, homosexual creative persons – peculiarly those enduring with AIDS – found new and frequently lurid agencies of showing themselves through public presentation art affecting their organic structures, or extensions of their organic structures. California-based public presentation creative person Ron Athey, a homosexual agony with AIDS, performed unrecorded phase shows in which he pierced and cut his organic structure while fazing music played, pulling considerable sums of blood out of himself and every bit considerable daze from audiences. Athey and his like inspired other creative persons to make such subgenres as alleged ‘installation’ art, fixed multi-media art signifiers which had their roots in traditional art exhibits but which frequently featured synergistic audiovisual elements and demanded a more active res ponse from the ‘experiencer’ of the art piece. From a cultural point of view, postmodernism and its attendant hybridity was a blessing to diverseness within the artistic. Artists working within a assortment of genres threw off the bonds of Western hegemony, and therefore minority cultural voices – Afro-american, homosexual, feminist, Asiatic, Native American, Australian Aboriginal, merely to call a few – all found powerful voices and even took inspiration from each other. The power of the Internet, for illustration, allowed many creative persons to larn about civilizations, art signifiers, and genres that they had neer heard of, much less attempted to incorporate into their ain work. While on the surface, this phenomenology may look to hold lent itself to cultural imperialism and the colza and loot of autochthonal minority art signifiers and motions – and so, transnational corporations committed crying misdemeanors in this sphere – for the most portion, artists from a Western civilizations were non mer ely able to integrate minority art signifiers into their ain work, but every bit significantly, supply planetary limelight on and exposure to heretofore underexplored or underappreciated civilizations and art signifiers, such as, for illustration, Australian Aboriginal work alluded to above. Specifically, a signifier of art as arcane and unknown as the alone pictures produced by the little Aboriginal Yuendumu community of Northern Australia has been given well-deserved international acknowledgment and acclamation by virtuousness of other creative persons and supporters who helped convey consciousness of Yuendumu work to the larger planetary community via the Internet. The website Australian Aboriginal Artists ( www.aboriginalartprints.com.au ) features a breathless choice of Aboriginal work, including Paddy Sims piece â€Å"Yanjirlpiri – Star† . This piece, while on its surface may look to picture a simple set of geometric forms in a sea of midnight blue, is really a c omplex narrative contemplation on Aboriginal fabulous coupling rites. Interestingly, these fabulous narrations bear some similarity to Greek and Roman myths sing the amative wonts of their Gods, imparting acceptance to the theories, advanced by psychoanalyst Carl Jung and subsequently expounded upon by cultural anthropologist Joseph Campbell, that all human existences portion a corporate unconscious full of cosmopolitan and archetypical symbols, and that all human art, every bit diverse as it may be, explores the same sets of subjects in similar narrations. This is both a proof and a contradiction to the postmodern elements of globalisation and hybridity. Is at that place non a modernist angle to the impression that no affair how unambiguously a assortment of civilizations manifest their art, in intercrossed techniques and media, we as worlds are limited to a finite figure of unconsciously derived narrations? The reply may lie in whether these narrations expand in figure as our planetary small town both psychiatrists and evolves at the same time throug h engineering. In the terminal, ironically, all we may hold to research these inquiries is the really art whose cogency is undermined by the very nature of the inquiries we are compelled to inquire about ourselves. Bibliography Duarte, Eduardo Manuel. â€Å"Self as Post-Colonial Pastiche: Historical Artifact and Multicultural Ideal, † Hofstra University Press, 1997. Gaiger, Jason ( ed. )Models for Modern Art. Yale University Press, 2004. Wood, Paul and Perry, Gill ( ed. )Subjects in Contemporary Art. Yale University Press, 2005. Simms, Paddy. â€Å"Yanjirlpiri – Star† , Painting available from: â€Å" hypertext transfer protocol: //aboriginalartprints.com.au/_aboriginal_art_profile.cfm? CFID=553953 A ; CFTOKEN=83904553

Criminal Law and Common Law defenses Research Paper

Criminal Law and Common Law defenses - Research Paper Example For example a person who is legally injured can apply tort law to recover damages from the concerned person (the one who is ‘liable’ for the damages) (White, 2003). Tort law defines the legal injury and the conditions under which the doer (of the mistake) is held responsible for the injury caused (White, 2003). Tort laws are different from other laws. A tort is the violation of private rights, for example the rights to be safe and harmless from the actions of others. Anybody who is able to distinguish right and wrong can be charged for committing a crime. In the matter of torts anybody under any age can be held liable for torts. Torts are intentional as well as unintentional. Normal crimes are punishable by the state. Torts however involve individual consequences; the injured person has got every right to act. Tort law is different from other laws; other laws are classified pursuant to their seriousness (White, 2003). Criminal justice system enforces criminal laws. Criminal justice system is nothing but a compilation of legal and social institutions that administer criminal law with respect to a set of already defined laws and regulations. Criminal justice system upholds social control, maintains justice and enforces laws. The Criminal Justice System of all nations includes three components: law enforcement, courts and finally corrections. Criminal justice systems include several major subsystems, composed of one or more public institutions and their staffs: police and other law enforcement agencies; trial and appellate courts; prosecution and public defender offices; probation and parole agencies; custodial institutions ( jails, prisons, reformatories, halfway houses, etc.); and departments of corrections (responsible for some or all probation, parole, and custodial functions) (Cole and Smith, 2003). All the three major components of the criminal justice system should

Aviation Safety Management Program Research Paper

Aviation Safety Management Program - Research Paper Example Management is crucial in any establishment, especially in a bid to guarantee a workplace that is devoid of injury, illness, and death, hence ensuring optimal health and safety of all stakeholders. Blue Coral Copters is an exemplary organizational model in dire need of a comprehensive safety program. Analysis of the helicopter tour company reveals significant flaws in its safety management approach and non-conformity to various Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) safety management principles. Even though the company has an exceptional safety record compared to the general aviation sector, it has lax guidelines on the same (Hudson et al., 1994). Like most helicopter tour companies, Blue Coral Copters seems to advocate for the thrill of rides around the Hawaiian island at the expense of guaranteeing safety for the pilots and tourists. Safe, effective and profitable operation of the tour company should be the principal aggregate goal of Blue Coral Copters. Every stakeholder, from the o wner and proprietor to pilots and maintenance crews, should strictly adhere to the safety principles recommended and contribute toward hazard reporting, risk management, and other safety agenda. Information on these aspects will be shared through safety management meetings and notice boards. Pilots in this organization are known for their electric performance. Additionally, they are people with a lot of experience ranging from military aviators as well as police pilots. However, they are only evaluated by Nick regardless of the fact that they fly using dissimilar perspectives and styles.

The film PSYCHO (Directed by Alfred Hitchcock, 1960) Essay

The film PSYCHO (Directed by Alfred Hitchcock, 1960) - Essay Example Mark Lewis comes across a prostitute and starts to film her with a camera he has hidden into his coat. Mark follows the prostitute to her residence and kills her. Later Mark goes back to his house and gladly watches the film of how he murdered the woman. Meanwhile, Mark is also a member of a film crew. Deep inside he has thought of how he would make it to a filmmaker. He is a part-time photographer of women who are into soft porn as pin-up pictures. Mark is an anti-social person (Powell). He lives in his dead father’s house. Mark is fascinated by his neighbors downstairs. Most of all he is fascinated by Helen. Helen is a young woman who has been sweetly natured and she pity’s Marks. Out of this pity, she befriends Marks.The police officers follow Mark closely to a building where he does his photography. This time he is to take photos of pin-up model Milly and he kills her then returns home. Helen runs Mark’s films out of curiosity and Mark catches her in the proc ess. She is dead frightened and Mark tells her that he does that to capture the fear of his victims. The police arrive and corner him. Realizing this, he kills himself the way he killed his victims on the camera. This last scene provides the final part of his documentary. Aspects of the two movies 1. Historical background of the movies The film PSYCHO is an American horror film acted in 1960. The film is directed by Alfred Hitchcock. Joseph Stephano screen-played the movie based on the 1959 novel Psycho which Robert Bloch wrote (Hitchcock). Robert Bloch was inspired by the crimes of Wisconsin murderer and Ed Gein, a grave robber. Wisconsin and Ed Gein lived about forty miles from Robert Bloch. The film PEEPING TOM is a British thriller film acted in 1960. The film is directed by Michael Powell. The movie was written by Leo Marks. Leo Marks was a world-war 2 cryptographer and polymath. 2. Comparison of the directors Both directors have a passion for writing films which entrails psychological thrillers and suspense. However, we see that Hitchcock’s Psycho film elevated his career as he was nominated for numerous awards for directing it. Michael Powell’s Peeping Tom was a subject of critics, which at one point maimed his career as a direct or. 3. The principles of film form PSYCHO is a horror-slashed film. It brings about a negative emotional kind of reaction especially in the shower

Frida Kahlo and Tracey Emin: Psychoanalytic Approaches

Frida Kahlo and Tracey Emin: Psychoanalytic Approaches Case Study One: Frida Kahlo 2000 The intention of this dissertation is to define links between psychoanalytic theories and fine art. In this chapter the artists Frida Kahlo and Tracey Emin are discussed and compared to see how psychoanalytic approaches differ when employed with contemporary and traditional art. Frida Kahlos work is associated with Surrealism, an art movement first written about by Andre Breton; it was founded in 1924 developing from Dadaism and was inspired by the psychoanalytic works of Freud. In the surrealist manifesto Breton identifies the movement as a means by which the subconscious could be expressed, verbally, written or painted. The surrealists believed that our conscious mind interferes with the subconscious part, which is heavily based on Freuds theory of the ego and the id. The surrealists believed that this is why we have dreams; when we are asleep the reasoning mind cannot control the subconscious. Surrealism used a method called free association, originally Freuds theory, whereby Freuds patient would automatically say what they are thinking, in the case of an artist they would paint without thinking. Consequently, it seems surrealism is not necessarily a style but a method of painting. By looking at the both Kahlo and Emin, the two can be compared to distingu ish the ways in which psychoanalysis differs in the opposing styles of work, one of traditional movement and the other a contemporary style. Kahlos work deals with a diverse range of subjects, from her own identity and pain to politics, the Mexican artists work has been deliberated over by many critics and art historians as her oeuvre covers many aspects of art. It is hard to place as surrealist as it mixes a world fantasy with surrealism while also dealing with sexuality, race and gender. However, it is contended that Kahlos work does support psychoanalytical theories as there are many connections between her work and Freuds work which is a factor that the surrealist movement was heavily based upon. In contrast the work of Tracey Emin does not use symbols for her audience to guess at, instead her work has a very clear and concise in meaning, through her highly personal work she leaves her audience unquestioning with no ambiguity surrounding it. However, it would be interesting to look at the psychological effects that the production of this type of work may have on the artist and to investigate how the process creating art work of such personal nature has any psychological impact. This will enable understanding of the intentions behind such personal art work; she articulates details about herself that a majority of people would rather keep to themselves. In a similar way to Kahlo, both artists draw on their own experiences to produce art work. In Kahlos painting, Tree of Hope (see figure one), she presents the audience with a definite divide between night and day. This use of this strongly imply a state of dream, to explore R.D Laings theory of the unembodied self where the individual experiences him self as being more or less divorced form his body(Laing1965:69) this applied to Kahlos work suggests that the severe act of cutting the image into two halves defines the feeling of separation from her conscious body. The spectator is aware of the false self being portrayed within the image. According to Laing such separation denies the unembodied self of any actual interaction with everyday life. The theory suggests the unembodied self becomes a spectator of the life in which the actual body lives, so therefore does not connect with any experience the physical body encounters. This psychoanalytical process occurs due to stress within ones life that the ego cannot deal with, the disassociation is the ids way of protecting the e go. In Kahlos piece Tree of hope the painting is not clothed in the prosaic language usually employed by our thoughts represented symbolically by means of similes and metaphors (Freud, 1953:633) The image renders narrative, through the day harsh reality is awakened; Kahlo collides with a profusion of pain, while at night she is set free from her anguish by her dreams, the subconscious mind allows her to escape. The use of colours and choice of composition has allowed her to deliver her innermost anxieties and fears to the audience. These anxieties, according to Freud, are unpleasant inner state that people seek to avoid, it can act as a signal to the ego that things are not going right, as humans we suffer from neurotic, reality and moral anxieties, in order to deal with these Freud states that we therefore go into defence mechanisms that protect the ego from conflicts caused by the id, the id being the unconscious part of your brain, the ego is the conscious rational mind. The stress caused by daily lives is relevant to Freudian theory of sublimation. In Freuds book The ego and the id (1923) he established the theory of sublimation through superior recognition and puts forward that the superego is an internal moral agency of the parents (Wright: 1995). He assumed that there are two separate sets of drives, both contained within the mind. The instincts consist of self-preservation, which is associated with the ego; the second is sexual instincts which are associated to the libido or id. These instincts direct all human conduct until he generated the existence of narcissism. These theories differ over the various writings due to the topic and their affiliation to each other. To further this, if Freuds theory about anxiety is applied to Tracey Emins work it can be suggested that she goes through the process of sublimation; her work is a healthy redirection of an emotion which is mainly found through art, it is the process of transforming the libido into a chievements that are accepted by society. Emins work is similar to Kahlos in the way that her own personal stories of her body reiterate stories in the media. Emin expresses graphic descriptions of her most intimate feelings as her work is based solely on her life experiences. For example, in Emins work The last thing I said to you was dont leave me here the audience is confronted with a photograph of a vulnerable girl, who is tucked in a corner of some small shack, suggesting she has been some sort of victim of abuse. Lacans theory of the gaze is a theory that can be tested on this photograph, as the set up of composition makes the audience feel as if they are standing behind this naked, vulnerable person, so the viewer is made to feel as if they are gazing upon her, the spectators take on the role of the voyeur. Emin poses the question, is she the object of desire? There is a certain amount of irony within the photograph as a majority of viewers are hardened to the image of naked women due to media; mediated imagery is usually of very confident, provocative women, this perplexing view unsteadies the viewer due to the uneasy ambience. This is because photography can in a literal sense turn the depicted person into an object, which will distance both the v iewer and the viewed. With her back to us she unaware of who is looking, which creates a sense of naivety within the work, so therefore the viewer becomes uncomfortable with the role of the voyeur. This work has subtle implications that are more suggestive compared to a majority of Emins work which has a great sense of immediacy and provocative substance; she makes strong statements that judge the gaze of society that is put upon women. In contrast Kahlos works show the audience how she gazes upon herself, in theory Kahlos paintings are able to talk to the viewer as they express something about the artists emotions which people can relate to on many levels, through their personal attributes. This supports Derridas theory of deconstruction, where by deconstruction of a body of text is not just one, it can have several different meanings, and this theory can be applied to artwork because artwork itself can have more then one interpretation. In the essay Derrida two paintings in paint: a note on art, discourse and the trace, Jeff Collins argues that Derrida indicates a certain failure of discourse in the face of artworks (Holdridge, 2006:213). Collins contends that Derridas theory suggests art is a confrontational method which challenges anything that refuses to accept or surpass it; the author denotes artwork that does not have a dialogue to deal with this theory. Kahlos work can be contradictory in meaning for each viewer; which can be associated with the notion of death of the author; according to Barthes, the viewers own beliefs can change the authors original intensions, the layering of meaning can only be derived from the viewers point of view, as they will see the work and interpret it according to their own context, beliefs experiences or personal attributes. The viewer needs to be able to set apart the artist from the work to release the interpretation from any prejudgment. Barthes believe that this is dependent on the spectators experience of Kahlos work, being a renowned artist many people will be familiar with her histories and will derive an interpretation from that in itself. However, many audiences are not familiar with the work will read it in an entirely different light. Kahlo also uses messages and paradoxes within her work. In The little wounded deer (see figure four) she portrays herself as this wounded animal, which has been shot at by numerous hunters. The arrows are metaphors for the pain she feels, in my opinion this could symbolize her injuries from her accident or it could represent suffering from numerous disappointments in her life. She appears calm, tranquil and relaxed while she is watched by, what we assume is a hunter and dripping with blood. Kahlo was Mexican and they believed that a newborn human has an animal counterpart and that persons fate was tied to that of the animal that represents the calendar sign of the day of their birth. So she could be suggesting that her animal counterpart is dying and therefore metaphorically she is going to be rid of the animal that matches her and through her rebirth she will gain a new one. This painting it therefore a representation of her thoughts, which is her subconscious, by using dream logic strategies of displacement and condensation, Kahlo sets out to create a fabled identity for herself; the self-portrait consequently becomes a format for a parody of her own individuality. In my opinion, surrealism and representing the mind is difficult because it is the unknown, questioning it and giving possible answers through painting. Through her art Kahlo is attaining control of herself, she portrays her emotions which attain psychological relief. Emin also has a need to attain control would, in Freudian terms this would be classified as a form of hysteria. Hysteria in current psychological terms is described as two categories, one being somatoform whereby mental problems such as stress can cause brain to feel physical pain. The second is dissociative which occurrs when a persons psyche cannot handle a particularly traumatic event. However, in Freudian terms this hysteria created by the subconsious part of the mind, which was protecting the ego from the id. This is also relevent when looking at Kahlos work, the subconsious creates this form of unreality which is evident in the paintings. The straight lines and defined edge to objects of natural enities creates an order, an element of control over something which is not controllable. This can be tested with Deleuzes theory of percept. According to Deleuze, art requires simple modulations whereby the artist is consciously thinking and making decisions about the evolution of the piece of artwork; percepts are a psychological imprint of something, for example, the way an individual artist sees one thing will be varied from another. Percepts represent more than decision, they symbolize how the artist is feeling about that piece of art at the moment in time, or the subject which it is based on. According to Deleuze the making of the decision is not as important as modulations, MÃ ¼nter has put boundaries around the manmade objects, the modulationsreveal the forces that populate the world, that affect us, that make us become' (Sutton, 2008:75) Kahlo keeps her images separate, in Tree of hope (see figure one) she has a definite divide between night and day, by doing this she accentuates definite boundaries that the colours alone would not achieve, this establishes a ha rsh boarded image with restrictions. It shows a definite division between the human and the natural, while addressing this we may also consider that the artist may feel the two cannot be combined. These percepts also occur in the works of Kahlo, What Water Gave Me (1938) is a painting of Kahlos that is particularly relevant to Derridas theory, other then her many self-portraits, within this painting, Kahlo has painted her legs from the baths viewpoint, her legs are partially obscured by the bath water, and her toes stick out at the end, the painting has an uncanny aspect to it, we have all see this viewpoint so there is a familiarity to the work. Kahlo is allowing her audience to see things from her perspective. Through the composition we are able to see her thoughts swimming about as she contemplates everything that has occurred in her life. The modulations in this piece are life and death, something that is uncontrollable yet is inevitable. Everything moves according to one law-li feAnguish and pain, pleasure and death are nothing but a process in order to exist. (Kahlo) Her written views are contrasting to that expressed in her paintings. This painting is affective because it invites the viewer into the work; in affect the spectator completes it. Through this image Kahlo displays herself bare for every one to see; which adds a certain irony to the painting, as it is almost a nude portrait. In addition, this painting fits the classification of Surrealism because she utilizes imagery, which combines dream imagery with reality. In this chapter, the discussion of Kahlos and Emins work have given insight into the way in which psychoanalytical theories can be used in conjunction with artworks. It defines how the use of these theories can induce more depth into a painting which may not have had much substance to begin with. This in itself comfirms Deleuzes theory of percept showing how the artists mind is both in the real wold in which the body exists and in the world of the self, this theory will be challenged further in correlation with Cindy Shermans work in the next chapter.

Participant Observation Essay -- participant-observer

Participant Observation Participant Observation is the study of a culture or society usually carried out by living for an extended period of time with its members. The participant-observer takes part in everyday life and carefully records such things as behaviour, events and conversations, in order to obtain a fully rounded picture of beliefs, social groupings and customs. There are two different forms of Participant Observation: Overt observation is when the subjects are aware they are being observed and allow the observer in to their lives, this is often the most criticised form due to bias, Covert observation is when the subjects are not aware they are being observed and therefore the process has to remain secret to remain relevant. The main benefit of Participant Observation as a means of research is the deeper experience and insight of the activities and customs of particular societies that the observer gains. They become immersed into a particular culture and surroundings in an effort to gain a greater understa...

Epic Hero Essay

Moral Courage EMMA WALSKY PRE-AP CHALLENGE ENGLISH 9 MRS. PEARSON 2 MARCH 2013 â€Å"It is curious that physical courage should be so common in the world and moral courage so rare. † (Mark Twain) Courage is the mental or moral strength to venture, persevere, and withstand danger, fear, or difficulty. Aragorn, from The Lord of the Rings, Odysseus from The Iliad and The Odyssey, and Katniss from The Hunger Games all demonstrate jarring courage throughout their journey to heroism.As Aragorn leads the Fellowship, they come across many obstacles and interferences. He is required to battle off Urak-hai, Orcs, and Nazgul and protect his comrades, all while continuing his quest to Mount Doom. Aragorn is a very loyal and intrepid leader whom is brought to heroism through his magnificent courage. Odysseus makes a very long journey in order to return home to Ithaca. He is forced to make tremendous sacrifices, survive the wrath of Skylla and Kharybdis, and take the form of an intelligent beggar.Odysseus is brought to his heroic means through his gallant courage and distinctive endurance. Katniss battles for days in order to win victory for her district. She protects fellow members, cunningly kills off enemies, and endures major physical and intellectual damage. Katniss’ stunning dedication and over powering courage lead her to great heroism. Heroes of epic orchestration, such as Aragorn from The Lord of The Rings by J. R. R.Tolkien, Odysseus from The Iliad and The Odyssey, by Homer, and Katniss from The Hunger Games, by Suzanne Collins, establish themselves as superior epic heroes through their intelligent utilization of the twenty-five epic hero steps, along with their astounding courage, bravery, and endurance which ultimately transforms them into three epic heroes that will never be forgotten. As an epic hero the first hero journey step, The Call to Adventure, acts as one of most important steps, as it begins ones strenuous expedition towards victory and t riumph.Odysseus, The Great Glory of the Achaians, was under oath to protect the marriage of Helen and Menelaus. After Helen was taken by Paris to the city of Troy, the Greeks demanded war upon the Trojans. Odysseus was asked by King Agamemnon and King Menelaus to endure war and bring his fleet of ships and soldiers. This marked the start of Odysseus’ lengthy journey to capture Helen, and defeat Troy. Odysseus proudly led the Walsky 2 Cephallenians, with twelve ships, who were settled in Ithaca, Neriton, Crocyleia, Aigilips, Zacynthos, and Samos.He was forced to leave his wife, Penelope, and his son, Telelmachus, for what soon became 20 years. Odysseus’ tremendous sacrifice to his country and his family along with his outstanding courage to bring home victory prove his title of an epic hero. Katniss, The Girl Who Was on Fire, begins her journey in the square of District 12. As the reaping begins, Katniss separates from her sister, Primrose, and waits for Effie Trinket t o announce which two children of the Seam will act as tribute. Effie reaches her hand deep into the ball and pulls out a slip of paper.As she crosses back to the podium, she smoothes the slip of paper and reads out the name in a clear voice, Primrose Everdeen. As a â€Å"strangled cry comes out of her throat and her muscles begin to move again,† Katniss screams out â€Å"Prim! † (Collins 22). Katniss makes way for the stage and pulls Prim behind her with one sweep of her arm as she gasps â€Å"I volunteer! I volunteer as tribute! † (Collins 22). Katniss protects her sister from the dangers of the battle as she unexpectedly volunteers to take her place as tribute. With this, she displays shocking courage and wholesome bravery.Katniss’ great deed is one of many that prove she is a respectable epic hero. Katniss and Odysseus both embark on hearty journeys that force them to make important sacrifices, portray a leader figure, and act courageous in battle, whi ch ultimately prove themselves as epic heroes. Each epic hero heftily utilizes the third hero journey step, The Wise and Helpful Guide and the Magic Tailsman, to assist and guide them in their path to success and glory. Aragorn, The Great Strider, along with the rest of the Fellowship, is led from the shire to Mount Doom by Gandalf the Grey, later Gandalf the White.Gandalf is a wizard, and is also known as the head of the Istari after the fall of Saruman. Gandalf leads and protects the Fellowship through Brandywine, The Old Forest, Chetwood, Bree, Weathertop, Trollshaws, and Rivendell until the final reach of Mount Doom. Aragorn is loyal to Walsky 3 Gandalf’s decisions and respects his strategies and tactics. He allows Gandalf to lead the Fellowship and trusts his knowledge and intelligence. Aragorn’s ability to respect, along with his distinctive loyalty and dedication towards others distinguishes him as an epic hero.Katniss is mentored by Haymitch Abernathy, victor o f the 50th Hunger Games, and won for District 12 at the age of 16. Haymitch first appears to Katniss as drunk and staggering as he dives off the stage at the reaping, and once again as he vomits on the expensive floor of the train headed to the Capitol. After a small fight between the two and Peeta, Haymitch begins to formulate a plan as he is interested in ones who can put up a fight. He tells them to train and learn new things, to avoid practicing skills they excel in. Haymitch successfully trains Katniss, as she comes out with a very high training score.Katniss respects Haymitch, although she is aware of his drinking problem, and obeys his rules and consequences. Katniss’ capability to learn and regard others methods prove her as a true epic hero. Aragorn and Katniss are capable of respecting others and distinguishing loyalty towards their mentors, ultimately giving them the title of epic hero. An epic hero would be nowhere without the sixth hero journey step, Hero Partner s, to lead, guide, and build each other up throughout the course of their journey. To Aragorn, the members of the Fellowship act as his hero partners.Frodo Baggins, Wise by Experience, Samwise Gamgee, The Salt of the Earth, Merry Brandybuck, Meriadoc the Magnificent, Pippin Took, The Hunchback, Legolas, The Green Leaf, Gimli, The Fire, Boromir, The War Jewel, Faramir, The Jeweled Hunter, and Gandalf, The Elf of the Staff, are all comrades of Aragorn. Each member of the Fellowship has a different type of relationship with Aragorn, whether it is family oriented or merely acquaintances. Aragorn utilizes the skills and abilities of each individual Fellowship member to bring them to victory and triumph.His healthy relationship with each Fellowship member allows them to relate to each other and create a Walsky 4 stronger bond, which is very important in the ultimate win. Aragorn’s healthy bonds and strong relationship with his hero partners differentiates him as an epic hero. One o f Odysseus’ hero partners is Diomedes, King of Argos. Diomedes is asked by Nestor to go on a night raid to the Trojan camp to kill guards and destroy their supplies. Diomedes is â€Å"willing to visit the enemy camp. But if one more could go with, that means more courage and more comfort† (The Iliad. 10. 119).Agamemnon orders Diomedes to choose a comrade, anyone he likes, as he knows the force of two will be stronger than one. Diomedes â€Å"could not think of anyone but Odysseus, the best man of all, ready heart and high temper in every enterprise† (The Iliad. 10. 120). Diomedes, along with many other Achaians, trusts and respects Odysseus as a fighter and as a genuine and loyal man. Athena, the Grey Eyed Goddess, is also a hero partner of Odysseus. As Odysseus enters the Phaiakians city, Athena â€Å"poured a sea fog around him as he went† so â€Å"that no jeering sailor should halt the man or challenge him for his luck† (The Odyssey. . 111). She cares about Odysseus’ safety and does everything she can to get him out of harm’s way. Athena knows Odysseus is a caring, genuine man whom deserves protection from danger. Odysseus’ bold relationships with his army and the gods and goddesses, and his strong bonds with generosity associate with the necessary deeds of an epic hero. The intelligent and genuine utilizations of hero partners by Aragorn and Odysseus prove their title as epic hero. The seventeenth hero journey step, The Hero’s Return, is one of the most important steps because it marks the hero’s victorious journey home.Odysseus had a very long expedition back to his home land of Ithaca. Odysseus and his men sail to the island of Cicones where they slaughter soldiers and kill livestock. After leaving Cicones, they sail to the Island of the Lotus Eaters, where many of his men eat the lotus plant and are intrigued to stay. They then sail to the Island of the Cyclopes and are trapped in Pol yphemus’ cave. They brutally drive a pole into his eye ball and escape by hanging under Walsky 5 the sheep he lets out to graze.After leaving the Cyclopes Island, Odysseus and his men sail to Aeolia, where he receives a gift of stormy winds to return home to Ithaca. The men open the bag and are directed to Aeaea, where they are given food and drinks from Circe. They sail to the Land of the Dead, where Teiresias tells them how to fend of the Sirens, Scylla, and Kharybdis. They sail through sirens but 6 of his men are taken by Skylla. As they reach Lord Helios’ island, Odysseus notifies his men not to slaughter and eat the cattle. They do so anyway and they are killed, leaving Odysseus alone. After many days he washes up upon Ogygia, Calypso’s island. He is oused there for seven years, and then lands on the island of Phaeacia, where he is the guest of honor at a banquet in the Phaeacian King’s palace. The king orders his men to give Odysseus a ship and then he sails off to home. He safely arrives in Ithaca, and has completed his journey home. Odysseus has many difficult encounters, near death experiences, and challenging tasks he must complete in order to return home. His outstanding level of endurance, strength and perseverance allows him to complete this miraculous journey and hold the title of en epic hero. Katniss endures many physically harmful situations in her quest to victory.Katniss protects fellow district members, hunts for food, kills off enemies, and builds shelters. As Claudis reinforms Katniss and Peeta that â€Å"the earlier revision has been revoked. Closer examination of the rulebook has disclosed that only one winner may be allowed,† she strings her bow and points the arrow right towards Peeta’s heart (Collins 342). As Peeta drops his knife, Katniss lowers her bow and steps back with shame. The two decide to, on the count of three, feed themselves a handful of poisonous berries so that neither of them would feel the pain of killing the other.Just as they lift their hands to their lips Claudis yells for them to stop and is â€Å"pleased to present the victors of the 74th Hunger Games† (Collins 345). A hovercraft materializes overhead and two ladders drop for Katniss and Peeta. As she places a foot on the first rung Walsky 6 of the ladder, she is home. As she steps aboard the plane safety and security fill the air. Katniss endured very harsh conditions, poor consistency, and emotional swings while in battle. Her astounding dedication and devotion for the victory of her district, led her home with triumph.Odysseus and Katniss return home through their astonishing endurance, dedication and courage, ultimately proving themselves as epic heroes. The twenty fifth hero journey step, Final Victory, is the most important as it labels the victory and win of a strenuous expedition, completed by an epic hero. Aragorn leads the Fellowship to triumph through his excellent leadership skil ls, combat abilities, and intelligent methods. The Battle of the Hornburg began Aragorn’s final victory. He revealed himself to Sauron as the heir of Isildur, in order to distract Sauron's attention from Frodo, who was approaching Mordor.Aragorn defended the city with the Dead Men of Dunharrow, who owed allegiance to the King of Gondor. They defeated Saurons allies, and sailed to Minas Tirith. They arrived at the Battle of the Pelennor Fields and with the help of the southern forces the armies of Gondor and Rohan rallied and defeated Sauron's army. Aragorn then led his armies to the Gates of Mordor, to distract Sauron. Sauron attacked with overwhelming force but at that moment the Ring was destroyed by Frodo and Sauron and his forces were defeated. Aragorn was crowned King of Elessar and as the heir of Isildur, bore the shards of Narsil.He demands â€Å"this day doesn’t belong to one man but to all† and vows to â€Å"rebuild this world that they may share in th e days of peace† (LOTR:RK). He is loyal to his country and even after acquiring glory and fame through his crown, he still believes the most important thing he can do as King is distinguish the world with peace and tolerance. As Aragorn is walking out of his coronation with his wife, Arwen, he encounters the hobbits as they bow towards his glory. Aragorn claims they â€Å"bow to no one† as he, along with the rest of the crowd, bow towards their tremendous accomplishment (LOTR:RK).Aragorn beholds genuine loyalty and Walsky 7 respect towards his fellow men and acts as a great role model to future epic heroes. His wholesome courage and bold leadership led the Fellowship to a final victory and prove he is worthy of being an epic hero. Odysseus battles many obstacles in order to share his identity with his family. As Odysseus arrives on Ithaca Athena covers him in a mist which allows him to reach his home without being harmed. Odysseus reveals himself to Telemachus, although it takes some time as he appears god-like.Then Odysseus disguises himself as a beggar and ventures to his home with Eumaeus. A fight broke out between Odysseus and Antinoos, a troublesome suitor, and he was summoned by Penelope as she was perceptive about the â€Å"beggar. † He tells her all he knows about Odysseus’ whereabouts and is then sent away. As he is receiving a cleanse from Eur’ykleia, the nurse, she notices his scar directly above his knee from hunting wild boar. Odysseus grabs her throat as he braces her up against the wall and informs her he will kill her if she tells others his true identity.Penelope believes Odysseus is not returning and decides to have a bow and arrow contest, to see which suitor possesses the skills of Odysseus. One must string a bow and shoot the arrow through a line of twelve axes. None of the suitors complete the task, so Odysseus proposes that he try and Penelope insists that he be given a chance. Odysseus swiftly completes the task, and strings a second arrow through the throat of Antinoos. He reveals himself as Odysseus, and the suitors then realize they have been locked in the room by Eumaeas and Philoetius.A raging battle begins and within no time all of the suitors are killed. Penelope, who slept through the entire fight, was called down to the scene. She didn’t believe it was Odysseus, and thought a god was playing a trick on her. She then orders Eur’ykleia to move her bridal bed and Odysseus immediately flares up. He explains that the bed is immovable, how it is built from the trunk of an olive tree around which the house had been constructed. Hearing him recount these details, she knows that this man Walsky 8 must be her husband.He is reunited with his wife and his son, and becomes part of a family once again. Odysseus cleansed his home with the blood of the suitors and their families were pacified by Athena. After twenty long years, he is finally home. Odysseus’ unimagina ble perseverance and outstanding courage are what lead him home to a final victory and prove that he is an epic hero. Aragorn and Odysseus both utilize their withstanding endurance and bravery to complete their final victory and return â€Å"home. † An epic hero is a brave, noble and courageous character, whom is admired for their great achievements.Aragorn, Odysseus and Katniss are all classified as epic heroes through their outstanding courage throughout their journey to heroism. Heroes of epic orchestration, such as Aragorn from The Lord of The Rings by J. R. R. Tolkien, Odysseus from The Iliad and The Odyssey, by Homer, and Katniss from The Hunger Games, by Suzanne Collins, establish themselves as superior epic heroes through their intelligent utilization of the twenty-five epic hero steps, along with their astounding courage, bravery, and endurance which ultimately transforms them into three epic heroes that will never be forgotten.Aragorn, Odysseus and Katniss will fore ver be remembered as stunning epic heroes. One’s moral courage determines one’s future. Walsky 9 Work Cited Collins, Suzanne. The Hunger Games. New York: Scholastic Press, 2008. Homer. The Iliad. Trans. W. H. D. Rouse. New York: NAL Penguin Inc. , 1938. Homer. The Odyssey. Trans. Robert Fitzgerald. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. 1998 Tolkein, J. R. R. The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring, The Two Towers, and The Return of the King. Dir. Peter Jackson. New Line Cinema, 2001, 2002, 2003. Twain, Mark. The Quote Garden, 1998. http://www. quotegarden. com/courage. html

Heres why you should start your job search this summer

Heres why you should start your job search this summer There are plenty of things in life that we reserve for summers- going to the beach, swimming, and backyard BBQs are just a few. But what about job searching? If you’re in-between jobs or are thinking about a career change, you may be wondering when is the best time of year to plan your job hunt. Is now the time to strike, or is it better to wait until the humidity passes before ramping up your search? The truth is, if you’re out of work and need a paycheck, you might not have the option to delay your job search until the fall season returns. However, you may be currently employed or in no big rush to make your next career move, and are questioning whether or not to take the summer off from job hunting or get started immediately.Business is ongoing- even during a vacation seasonTraditional conventional wisdom suggests that the summer can be a challenging time to try and find a new job- many people assume that the pace of business slows during the sweltering months of Jun e through August, and that employees (including key hiring personnel) are more focused on vacations and weekend plans than staffing concerns. Businesses also might assume that the available talent pool during the summer months may be a little thinner, and choose to defer filling new and vacant positions until the season changes. What’s the net result? A job market with fewer openings and opportunities on average than cooler months. But does that necessarily mean that starting a job search during the summer is a bad idea?The truth is, although there’s much to be said about conventional wisdom, it isn’t always right. Like most things in the professional world, trends change over time. Many aggressive and innovative businesses not only fail to slow down operations in the summer, they actually ramp them up- especially if there’s a seasonal element to their industry. Also, there’s no denying an immediate need, and if an open position absolutely needs to be filled ASAP, you can count on businesses conducting a hard-target search for the right person- even during the hot summer months. Also, seasonal and part-time employment (as well as contract work) are more resilient to seasonal shifts, so if you’re on the lookout for these types of opportunities then there’s no reason not to start searching in the summertime. In fact, many employers ramp up short-term hiring during the summer months to offset full-time staff summer vacations, so keep an eye out for growth in these opportunities.There’s more opportunity to shineHere’s another good reason to consider summertime job searching- remember earlier when we mentioned that the available talent pool tends to shrink during the summer months? This temporary decrease in job seekers may mean that there’s less competition for the positions you’d be applying for. Furthermore, fewer active people searching for jobs may mean that you’ll get more att ention from recruiters and employment agencies, should you consider using their services. Who knew that conducting a job search in the summer may actually be a wise and strategic move?So, what’s the bottom line when it comes to job searching in the summer? The reality is that it really depends on your situation- your target industry, position, experience level, city, and luck all factor into how effective a potential job hunt will be during the months of June through August. But even if there are  fewer  opportunities available in the summer, that doesn’t mean there are no opportunities, and those who stay serious, focused, and committed during the summer months are most likely to be successful. Will you be among them?

A Summary of Aldous Huxleys Brave New World Essays

A Summary of Aldous Huxleys Brave New World Essays A Summary of Aldous Huxleys Brave New World Essay A Summary of Aldous Huxleys Brave New World Essay Essay Topic: Brave New World Through its pessimistic view f human nature, Huxley elaborates on the methods of achieving a utopia, depicting a future horror in reality. Using the artificially implanted ideas caused by hypermedia, community is achieved when everyone works for everyone else (peg. 91) in order to achieve maximum happiness for the whole society. One of the methods to achieve community is citizens practice a certain way of life that follows the rule that everyone belongs to everyone else (peg. 43), meaning it encourages citizens to have multiple sex partners, or participate in many sexual orgy in order to reach solidarity. Also, the World State believes erotic play between children and adolescents as normal and moral. Next, the social caste system is a high priority to community, since each of the five castes, Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Epsilons, conditioning is deluded into feeling as if they are part of the society and not a social outcast. With hypermedia, each caste is thought to appreciate higher classes and conform to the caste ones put in due to repetitive teachings such as, Alpha children wear gray. They work much harder than we do, because theyre so frightfully clever. Im really awfully glad Im a Beta, because I dont work so hard. (peg. 7) The last method used is World State citizens are required to attend strictly regulated, scheduled social activities, such as a solidarity service, obstacle golf and Centrifugal Bumble-puppy, in order to keep citizens occupied and docile. However, if a citizen is withdrawn from everyone else, not promiscuous enough, or does not agree to ones caste, community is not achieved. The methods reveal Huxley fears lack of morality, communism, and lack of free thinking. By encouraging citizens to participate in sexual activities and not think of fidelity, Huxley fears human will have a lack of morality and not know DOD conduct, or behavior is. Creating a caste system for the citizens to belong to show Huxley fear that a Communist dictatorship will run how your part of society. Requiring citizens to participate in social activities in order to keep one busy and not feel alone shows that Huxley fears that one will never be able to have free thinking, or to reflect on the meaning of life. The methods used for community is appalling, immoral, frightening, but in order for community to be achieve the results of identity must be assured. Identity is achieved by teaching World State citizens to inform to ones caste, in order to make one feel different, odd, or a social outcast if one feels more than the minimum of individuality. In the book, genetic engineering is Gamma, Delta, Epsilons, are purposely affected by genetic engineering, for it results in the subordination and inferiority the lower orders have against the upper classes. By pharmaceutically anesthetizing each caste specifically, each caste will passively serve the ruling order. The method of the caste system and using hypermedia is once again revisited, for identity is affected by citizens direct role. The lower orders are aught to hate flowers and books, for A love of nature keeps no factories busy. It was decided to abolish the love of nature, at any rate among lower classes, to abolish the love of nature, but not the tendency to consume transport. (peg. 23) Also, the teachings cause citizens to lack as an individual, for hypermedia teaches children that, Till at last the childs mind is these suggestions, and the sum of the suggestions is the childs mind. And not the childs mind only. The adults mind too-all his life long. The mind that Judges and desire and decides-made up of these suggestions. But all these suggestions are our suggestions Suggestions from the State. (peg. 28-29) Therefore causes citizens to be brainwashed to do their Jobs, either as menial labors, perform administrative Jobs, or work in the government, instead of standing out as an individual in ones caste. The methods used to achieve identity show Huxley fears the possibility of few leaders able to control the masses of the World, for Brave New Worlds government can make people think and look the same without defiance. The methods for community and identity are frightfully thought-provoking ideas but stability needs to be achieved in order for the World State society to be successful as a whole. Through World State citizens work, entertainment, and the consumption of soma, stability will be achieved. The methods to achieve stability has been previously discussed in community and identity, but in order for community and identity to be achieved there must be stability overall. Work is the first method to stabilizing the society, for if one works, there would not be enough time for one to think after work hours only time to dive into pleasure and fun, which leads to entertainment. For entertainment, citizens can do whatever they please as an unconscious reward, since there is no consequences only the risk of citizens to be occupied and docile in their own affairs. Lastly, the consumption of soma, a drug that entertains and raises the sensibility of the consumer, helps insure worldwide stability, since citizens believe a grammar in time saves nine. (peg. 89) With the shallow happiness given to citizens by the utopians government, Huxley fears that people will be controlled through rewards, which poses a greater threat to human freedom rather than punishment. In the west of the world, this seems to be the case, for the people who possess greater power control peoples spending, political loyalties, and even their thoughts with pleasure and distraction, such as large commercial businesses airing commercial Jingles to consumers to buy certain products, instead of consumers buying from little businesses. Also, Huxley fears drugs like tranquilizer, a drug that smooth out any inconvenient instincts of resistance, which is similar to a soma-holiday that eliminates unhappiness, for drugs can invade and take over the conscious mind and culture. All things considered, Brave New World does create the perfect utopian future for the real world, and achieves community, identity and stability. However, the sacrifices to peppiness such as human freedom and individualism to reach the society goals are the caste system, the way of life, the entertainment, the role citizens play in society and the soma for shallow happiness and to achieve the World States motto shows Huxley fears. Huxley fears communism, lack of individuality, lack of ones own control over mind, and the increase of industrialization, but all these fears are supposedly needed to make a perfect utopia? Indeed, through its pessimistic view of human nature, Huxley elaborates on the methods of achieving a utopia, depicting a future horror in reality.

E-Shopping System for Educational Needs Assignment

E-Shopping System for Educational Needs - Assignment Example Search for products: A Search box would be provided in every page of the application where the user can type in a text of their choice (matching the search criteria). In addition, two or more drop-down lists would be employed for selecting the categories and subcategories to refine the search more precisely and also to ease the task of customers for entering additional texts. Order a product: The e-Shopping application would have an exclusive order processing module. Users can order any number of products from the appropriate page. The system would offer a secure payment gateway for making payments using a variety of modes like internet banking, credit cards, and PayPal. Place an inquiry: In order to facilitate bulk bookings for Corporate/Academic Institutions, an option to place requests or inquire about the availability of the required quantity of products and also the expected invoice would be offered. Track the order: Track your order option would be opened to customers as soon as the payment is made and the order request is completed. Users can track the order based on the order id or combination of customer id and the order date. View Order History: View History option would be enabled for all registered customers in order to view the history of all their transactions. It would not only include all the completed orders but also includes details for canceled and pending orders if any. Apart from all these functionalities and features, session variables/cookies would also implement so that the application would remember the users visiting the site and would welcome them with their name (if registered) and their last visited date and time. The system is implemented with the overall assumption that there is a stable internet connection available throughout the period of transaction.  

All forms of abortion should be illegal in the U.S Essay

All forms of abortion should be illegal in the U.S - Essay Example This discussion exposes these untruths that have been reported and are widely perceived as facts. It also explains the framers’ intent for the legal and moral direction of American society when they drafted the Constitution, the document that defines the laws of the nation. There is little freedom of choice for women who are experiencing an unwanted pregnancy. The women themselves usually wish to bring their baby to full term. Other powerful influences in her life such as husbands/boyfriends, parents and friends are generally the forces that exact pressures on her to terminate the pregnancy. â€Å"Eight out of 10 women surveyed after abortion said they would have given birth if they’d had support and encouragement from family and friends† (Reardon, 2002). It’s the abortion that, in many cases, is unwanted by the woman, not the baby. Most often, the father of the child, not wishing to accept responsibility, may beg or even threaten a woman until she agrees to the abortion. â€Å"In 95 percent of all cases the male partner played a central role in the decision† (Zimmerman, 1977). This and other studies have illustrated clearly that most women decide against their own conscience. Legal abortion enables fathers to force their will on mothers. Some women resort to abortion in desperation because they fear continued abuse. That fear is substantiated as women who refuse to abort have been subjected to serious abuses which have escalated to murder if the women still persists in her refusal. Murder is the leading cause of death for pregnant women and for what other motive could there be? â€Å"Sixty-four percent of women surveyed report being pressured by others into unwanted abortions† (Reardon, 1992).   Ã‚  Immediately following an abortion, the one(s) coercing the decision are relieved and seldom, if ever, give the inconvenient issue another thought. Women, on the other